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  2. Simple continued fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_continued_fraction

    The continued fraction representation for a real number is finite if and only if it is a rational number. In contrast, the decimal representation of a rational number may be finite, for example ⁠ 137 / 1600 ⁠ = 0.085625, or infinite with a repeating cycle, for example ⁠ 4 / 27 ⁠ = 0.148148148148...

  3. Minkowski's question-mark function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkowski's_question-mark...

    A quadratic irrational number is represented by a periodic continued fraction, so the value of the question-mark function on is a periodic binary fraction and thus a non-dyadic rational number. Self-symmetry

  4. 8.3 filename - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8.3_filename

    VFAT, a variant of FAT with an extended directory format, was introduced in Windows 95 and Windows NT 3.5. It allowed mixed-case Unicode long filenames (LFNs) in addition to classic 8.3 names by using multiple 32-byte directory entry records for long filenames (in such a way that old 8.3 system software will only recognize one as the valid directory entry).

  5. Approximations of π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximations_of_π

    The Babylonians were aware that this was an approximation, and one Old Babylonian mathematical tablet excavated near Susa in 1936 (dated to between the 19th and 17th centuries BCE) gives a better approximation of π as 25 ⁄ 8 = 3.125, about 0.528% below the exact value. [8] [9] [10] [11]

  6. f-number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-number

    The f-number N is given by: = where f is the focal length, and D is the diameter of the entrance pupil (effective aperture).It is customary to write f-numbers preceded by "f /", which forms a mathematical expression of the entrance pupil's diameter in terms of f and N. [1]

  7. Birthday problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem

    From a permutations perspective, let the event A be the probability of finding a group of 23 people without any repeated birthdays. Where the event B is the probability of finding a group of 23 people with at least two people sharing same birthday, P(B) = 1 − P(A).

  8. Trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions

    Basis of trigonometry: if two right triangles have equal acute angles, they are similar, so their corresponding side lengths are proportional.. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [1] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths.

  9. Religion in Japan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Japan

    Shinto (神道, Shintō), also kami-no-michi, [a] is the indigenous religion of Japan and of most of the people of Japan. [14] George Williams classifies Shinto as an action-centered religion; [15] it focuses on ritual practices to be carried out diligently in order to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient roots. [16]