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Automatic train operation (ATO) is a method of operating trains automatically where the driver is not required or required for supervision at most. [1] Alternatively, ATO can be defined as a subsystem within the automatic train control, which performs any or all of functions like programmed stopping, speed adjusting, door operation, and similar otherwise assigned to the train operator.
This is a list of driverless train systems, which are capable of GoA3 and GoA4 (GoA3+) according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP.
Control panel of a Tokyo Metro 10000 series train, which has a green lever to allow the driver to switch between different modes of operation. Two white ATO start buttons are also placed beside the master controller lever. Many metro systems with automatic train operation, such as the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, are equipped with platform screen ...
In 1906, the Great Western Railway in the UK developed a system known as "automatic train control". In modern terminology, GWR ATC is classified as an automatic warning system (AWS). This was an intermittent train protection system that relied on an electrically energised (or unenergised) rail between, and higher than, the running rails.
Communications-based train control (CBTC) is a railway signaling system that uses telecommunications between the train and track equipment for traffic management and infrastructure control. CBTC allows a train's position to be known more accurately than with traditional signaling systems. This can make railway traffic management safer and more ...
German ICE high-speed lines equipped with the Linienzugbeeinflussung (LZB) signalling system support a form of GoA 2 ATO operation called AFB (Automatische Fahr- und Bremssteuerung, lit. automatic driving and braking control) which enables the driver to let the on-board train computer drive the train on autopilot, automatically driving at the ...
Country/region Name of system Date System Notes Canada: Expo Express: 1967–1972: Union Switch & Signal [a]Line 3 Scarborough: 1985–2023: 4 mile driverless light rapid transit line that served as part of the Toronto subway
The automation system is a GoA3 driverless system, which requires a Passenger Service Agent (PSA) to manually open and close the doors and, when necessary, manually drive the train. There have been three different main types of DLR rolling stock, but only two of them (the B90/B92/B2K fleet and the B07 fleet) are in operation; the original P86 ...