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In molecular biology and genetics, DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a genome, [2] by analyzing and interpreting them in order to extract their biological significance and understand the biological processes in which they participate. [3]
The Gene Ontology (GO) is a major bioinformatics initiative to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species. [1] More specifically, the project aims to: 1) maintain and develop its controlled vocabulary of gene and gene product attributes; 2) annotate genes and gene products, and assimilate and disseminate annotation data; and 3) provide tools for easy access ...
ANNOVAR (ANNOtate VARiation) is a bioinformatics software tool for the interpretation and prioritization of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variants (CNVs) of a given genome. [1] It has the ability to annotate human genomes hg18, hg19, hg38, and model organisms genomes such as: mouse (Mus musculus ...
Transposable genetic elements, DNA sequences that can replicate and insert copies of themselves at other locations within a host genome, are an abundant component in the human genome. The most abundant transposon lineage, Alu , has about 50,000 active copies, [ 43 ] and can be inserted into intragenic and intergenic regions. [ 44 ]
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration.
Ensembl: provides automatic annotation databases for human, mouse, other vertebrate and eukaryote genomes Ensembl Genomes : provides genome-scale data for bacteria, protists, fungi, plants and invertebrate metazoa, through a unified set of interactive and programmatic interfaces (using the Ensembl software platform)
The Vertebrate Genome Annotation (VEGA) database was first made public in 2004 by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. It was designed to view manual annotations of human, mouse and zebrafish genomic sequences, and it is the central cache for genome sequencing centers to deposit their annotation of human chromosomes. [6]
Instead, the cDNA is randomly fragmented and the 3'ends are sequenced from the 5' end of the cDNA molecule that carries the poly-A tail. The sequencing length of the tag can be freely chosen. Because of this, the tags can be assembled into contigs and the annotation of the tags can be drastically improved.