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[2] [3] The earliest attestation of a five-stringed guitar comes from the mid-sixteenth-century Spanish book Declaracion de Instrumentos Musicales by Juan Bermudo, published in 1555. [4] The first treatise published for the Baroque guitar was Guitarra Española de cinco ordenes (The Five-course Spanish Guitar), c. 1590, by Juan Carlos Amat. [5] [6]
An ornate guitar made by a Joakim Thielke (1641–1719) of Germany was altered in this way and became a success. From the mid-18th century through the early 19th century, the guitar evolved into a six-string instrument, phasing out courses by preference to single strings. These six-string guitars were still smaller than the modern classical guitar.
A popular instrument with court musicians, minstrels, and amateurs, the gittern is considered an ancestor of the modern guitar and other instruments like the mandore, bandurria and gallichon. [3] [4] From the early 16th century, a vihuela-shaped (flat-backed) guitarra began to appear in Spain, and later in France, existing alongside the gittern ...
The classical guitar, also known as Spanish guitar, [1] is a member of the guitar family used in classical music and other styles. An acoustic wooden string instrument with strings made of gut or nylon, it is a precursor of the modern steel-string acoustic and electric guitars, both of which use metal strings.
The clavichord is an example of a period instrument.. In the historically informed performance movement, musicians perform classical music using restored or replicated versions of the instruments for which it was originally written.
The romantic guitar eventually led to a different type of guitar in Spain: the fan-braced Spanish guitars of Torres, which may be seen as the immediate precursor of the modern classical guitar. In the 20th century, many non-guitarist composers wrote for the instrument, whereas previously only players of the instrument had done so. [1]
Santiago de Murcia (c.1682 – c.1740, moved to Mexico, composed for Baroque guitar) Luys de Narváez (fl. 1526–49) Diego Pisador (1509/10 – after 1557) Lucas Ruiz de Ribayaz (born probably before 1650, composed for Baroque guitar) Gaspar Sanz (mid-17th century–early 18th century, composed for Baroque guitar) Enríquez de Valderrábano ...
The Church was a major influence for music in the 16th century. The Puritans wanted to do away with all church music, but the will of the people to sing only made it more predominant. [4] Many composers that wrote for the church also wrote for the royalty. The style of the church music was known as choral polyphony.