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The French periodical Le Monde Diplomatique, however, disagrees with this assessment, and devoted two entire articles to the discussion of "urban apartheid" [30] and "educational apartheid" [31] in France, citing them as the two main factors in the explosive 2005 French youth riots.
The culture of France has been shaped by geography, by historical events, and by foreign and internal forces and groups. France, and in particular Paris, has played an important role as a center of high culture since the 17th century and from the 19th century on, worldwide. From the late 19th century, France has also played an important role in ...
The culture of Paris concerns the arts, music, museums, festivals and other entertainment in Paris, the capital city of France.The city is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centers; entertainment, music, media, fashion, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities.
Urban history is a field of history that examines the historical nature of cities and towns, and the process of urbanization. The approach is often multidisciplinary, crossing boundaries into fields like social history , architectural history , urban sociology , urban geography , business history , and archaeology .
The loss of regional and traditional culture (language and accent, local customs in dress and food), the poverty of many rural regions and the rise of modern urban structures (housing projects, supermarkets) have created tensions in modern France between traditionalists and progressives.
Urban culture is the culture of towns and cities. The defining theme is the presence of a large population in a limited space that follows social norms . [ 1 ] This makes it possible for many subcultures close to each other, exposed to social influence without necessarily intruding into the private sphere . [ 2 ]
During the 20th century, several factors began leading more anthropologists away from the bipolar notions of foreign savagery versus Western civilization and more towards the study of urban cultures in general. A strong influence in this direction was the discovery of vast regions of the world thanks to a significant increase in human mobility ...
There have however, also been periods of urbanization. During the mid to late 20th century, most socialist countries in the Eastern Bloc were characterized by under-urbanization, [9] which meant that industrial growth occurred well in advance of urban growth, which was sustained by rural-urban commuting. City growth, residential mobility, land ...