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Key:1: ridge beam, 2: purlins, 3: common rafters. This is an example of a "double roof" with principal rafters and common rafters. A timber roof truss is a structural framework of timbers designed to bridge the space above a room and to provide support for a roof.
The rafters are the beams of wood angled upward from the ground. They meet at the top of the gable at a ridge beam , which has extra bracing to attach it to the rafters. The purlins are the large beams perpendicular to the rafters; from this shot, it appears that there are three purlins on either side of the roof.
The top ends of the rafters often meet at a ridge beam, but may butt directly to another rafter to form a pair of rafters called a couple. Depending on the roof covering material, either horizontal laths , battens , or purlins are fixed to the rafters; or boards, plywood , or oriented strand board form the roof deck (also called the sheeting or ...
Monitor roof: A roof with a monitor; 'a raised structure running part or all of the way along the ridge of a double-pitched roof, with its own roof running parallel with the main roof.' Butterfly roof (V-roof, [8] London roof [9]): A V-shaped roof resembling an open book. A kink separates the roof into two parts running towards each other at an ...
The ridge board of their roof is not carried by king posts based on tie beams, but the ridge posts are based on the ground work. The German term for this construction is Firstständerhaus . The free-standing posts in the interior of the house and the posts in the gable or lateral walls were originally called Firstsäule ("ridge columns").
The foot of a hip rafter lands on a dragon beam. King rafter: the longest rafter on the side of a hip roof in line with the ridge. Valley rafter (historically also called a sleeper): A rafter forming a valley (look for illustration showing a valley). Intermediate rafter: "one between principal or common rafters to strengthen a given place" (rare).
True cruck or full cruck: The blades, straight or curved, extend from a foundation near the ground to the ridge. A full cruck does not need a tie beam and may be called a "full cruck - open" or with a tie beam a "full cruck - closed". [7] Base cruck: The tops of the blades are truncated by the first transverse member such as by a tie beam. [7]
The final rafter fits on top of the previous rafter and under the very first one. The rafters are then tied before the temporary support is removed. The structure is most effective at lower pitches where there is minimal spreading force exerted at the ringbeam, most being transferred directly downward.