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Kurt Friedrich Gödel (/ ˈ ɡ ɜːr d əl / GUR-dəl; [2] German: [kʊʁt ˈɡøːdl̩] ⓘ; April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was a logician, mathematician, and philosopher.
Gödel's ontological proof is a formal argument by the mathematician Kurt Gödel (1906–1978) for the existence of God. The argument is in a line of development that goes back to Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109).
Gödel's incompleteness theorems are two theorems of mathematical logic that are concerned with the limits of provability in formal axiomatic theories. These results, published by Kurt Gödel in 1931, are important both in mathematical logic and in the philosophy of mathematics.
From Frege to Gödel: A Source Book on Mathematical Logic 1879–1931. Harvard University Press. Bernard Meltzer (1962). On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related Systems. Translation of the German original by Kurt Gödel, 1931. Basic Books, 1962. Reprinted, Dover, 1992. ISBN 0-486-66980-7. Raymond Smullyan (1966).
Kurt Gödel developed the concept for the proof of his incompleteness theorems. (Gödel 1931) A Gödel numbering can be interpreted as an encoding in which a number is assigned to each symbol of a mathematical notation, after which a sequence of natural numbers can then represent a sequence of symbols. These sequences of natural numbers can ...
Kurt Gödel in 1925. Gödel's Loophole is a supposed "inner contradiction" in the Constitution of the United States which Austrian-American logician, mathematician, and analytic philosopher Kurt Gödel postulated in 1947. The loophole would permit the American democracy to be legally turned into a dictatorship.
Gödel's original proof of the theorem proceeded by reducing the problem to a special case for formulas in a certain syntactic form, and then handling this form with an ad hoc argument. In modern logic texts, Gödel's completeness theorem is usually proved with Henkin 's proof, rather than with Gödel's original proof.
Kurt Gödel proved in 1940 that the negation of the continuum hypothesis, i.e., the existence of a set with intermediate cardinality, could not be proved in standard set theory. [2] The second half of the independence of the continuum hypothesis – i.e., unprovability of the nonexistence of an intermediate-sized set – was proved in 1963 by ...