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A nested set collection or nested set family is a collection of sets that consists of chains of subsets forming a hierarchical structure, like Russian dolls. It is used as reference concept in scientific hierarchy definitions, and many technical approaches, like the tree in computational data structures or nested set model of relational databases .
In numerical mathematics, hierarchical matrices (H-matrices) [1] [2] [3] are used as data-sparse approximations of non-sparse matrices. While a sparse matrix of dimension can be represented efficiently in () units of storage by storing only its non-zero entries, a non-sparse matrix would require () units of storage, and using this type of matrices for large problems would therefore be ...
In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data type that represents a hierarchical tree structure with a set of connected nodes. Each node in the tree can be connected to many children (depending on the type of tree), but must be connected to exactly one parent, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] except for the root node, which has no parent (i.e., the ...
The geometric-distance matrix of a molecular structure G is a real symmetric n x n matrix defined in the same way as a 2-D matrix. However, the matrix elements D ij will hold a collection of shortest Cartesian distances between i and j in G. Also known as topographic matrix, the geometric-distance matrix can be constructed from the known ...
The nested set model is a technique for representing nested set collections (also known as trees or hierarchies) in relational databases.. It is based on Nested Intervals, that "are immune to hierarchy reorganization problem, and allow answering ancestor path hierarchical queries algorithmically — without accessing the stored hierarchy relation".
This order is usually determined by the order in which the elements are added to the structure, but the elements can be rearranged in some contexts, such as sorting a list. For a structure that isn't ordered, on the other hand, no assumptions can be made about the ordering of the elements (although a physical implementation of these data types ...
Algebraic structure: there are operations of addition and multiplication, the first of which makes it into a group and the pair of which together make it into a field. A measure: intervals of the real line have a specific length, which can be extended to the Lebesgue measure on many of its subsets. A metric: there is a notion of distance ...
The term hierarchy is used to stress a hierarchical relation among the elements. Sometimes, a set comes equipped with a natural hierarchical structure. For example, the set of natural numbers N is equipped with a natural pre-order structure, where n ≤ n ′ {\displaystyle n\leq n'} whenever we can find some other number m {\displaystyle m} so ...