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The thickness of Earth's crust (km). The continental crust consists of various layers, with a bulk composition that is intermediate (SiO 2 wt% = 60.6). [5] The average density of the continental crust is about, 2.83 g/cm 3 (0.102 lb/cu in), [6] less dense than the ultramafic material that makes up the mantle, which has a density of around 3.3 g/cm 3 (0.12 lb/cu in).
Plates in the crust of Earth. Earth's crust is its thick outer shell of rock, referring to less than one percent of the planet's radius and volume.It is the top component of the lithosphere, a solidified division of Earth's layers that includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. [1]
The internal structure of Earth. In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be defined based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle).
Volcanic arc formation along a subducting plate. A volcanic arc (also known as a magmatic arc [1]: 6.2 ) is a belt of volcanoes formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, [2] with the belt arranged in an arc shape as seen from above.
The Superior Craton is a stable crustal block covering Quebec, Ontario, and southeast Manitoba in Canada, and northern Minnesota in the United States.It is the biggest craton among those formed during the Archean period. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Large baleen whale species Humpback whale Temporal range: 7.2–0 Ma Pre๊ ๊ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene – Recent Size compared to an average human Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) CITES Appendix I (CITES) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom ...
Giant East African snail. There are large gaps in human knowledge about African invertebrates. East Africa has a rich coral fauna [12] with about 400 known species. More than 400 species of Echinoderms and 500 species of Bryozoa live there too, [13] as well as one Cubozoan species (Carybdea alata).
In hydrology, an oceanic basin (or ocean basin) is anywhere on Earth that is covered by seawater. Geologically, most of the ocean basins are large geologic basins that are below sea level.