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The term echolocation was coined by 1944 by the American zoologist Donald Griffin, who, with Robert Galambos, first demonstrated the phenomenon in bats. [1] [2] As Griffin described in his book, [3] the 18th century Italian scientist Lazzaro Spallanzani had, by means of a series of elaborate experiments, concluded that when bats fly at night, they rely on some sense besides vision, but he did ...
Pages in category "Animals that use echolocation" The following 24 pages are in this category, out of 24 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A.
The common noctule uses two main calls for echolocation. The frequencies of the first are 26–47 kHz, have most energy at 27 kHz and an average duration of 11.5ms. [23] The frequency of the second call is 22–33 kHz, having most energy at 22 kHz and an average duration of 13.8ms. [23] [24] Common noctule in the Seeburgpark near Konstanz (Germany)
Echolocation is the process where an animal produces a sound of certain wavelength, and then listens to and compares the reflected echoes to the original sound emitted. Bats use echolocation to form images of their surrounding environment and the organisms that inhabit it by eliciting ultrasonic waves via their larynx .
One way many bats are able to save energy is through the use of torpor, which is a controlled, substantial drop in metabolic rate and body temperature . In addition to hibernation (prolonged torpor) during winter, temperate zone bats, such as Histiotus , often become torpid during periods of cold weather in summer (daily torpor) to save energy.
Common shrews have evolved adaptations to survive through the winter. Their skulls shrink by nearly 20% and their brains get smaller by as much as 30%. Their other organs also lose mass and their spines get shorter. As a result, total body mass drops by about 18%. When spring returns, they grow until they reach roughly their original size.
The use of echolocation was once used to separate Aerodramus from the non-echolocating genera Collocalia and Hydrochous (virtually nothing is known about Schoutedenapus). But recently, the pygmy swiftlet Collocalia troglodytes was discovered making similar clicking noises in and outside its cave. [ 6 ]
Arctiid moths use a very different, but highly effective defense against bats. [21] They produce loud ultrasonic clicks in response to ultrasound. Depending on the species of moth and its ecology, the clicks may work by startling the bat, by jamming its echolocation system, or by warning of distastefulness ( aposematism ).