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In a car accident, the vehicle jerks the neck forward and backward resulting in cervical spine damage resulting in a whiplash. As a result, the cervical spine become misaligned and produces direct spinal cord irritation creating tighter muscles on one side of the body [24] Neck braces can help temporarily. Surgery is required if needed.
Vertigo or dizziness; Weakness of limbs; Symptoms are frequently worsened by a Valsalva maneuver, or by being upright for long periods of time. The reason that being upright is problematic is that gravity allows increased interaction between the brain stem and the top of the spinal column, increasing symptoms.
Exercise plus joint manipulation has been found to be beneficial in both acute and chronic mechanical neck disorders. [14] In particular, specific strengthening exercise may improve function and pain. [15] Motor control using cranio-cervical flexion exercises has been shown to be effective for non-specific chronic neck pain. [16]
For muscles with mild-to-moderate impairment, exercise should be the mainstay of management, and is likely to need to be prescribed by a physical therapist or other health professional skilled in neurological rehabilitation. Muscles with severe impairment are likely to be more limited in their ability to exercise, and may require help to do this.
Laterocollis is the tilting of the head from side to side. This is the "ear-to-shoulder" version. This involves many more muscles: ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid, ipsilateral splenius, ipsilateral scalene complex, ipsilateral levator scapulae, and ipsilateral posterior paravertebrals. The flexion of the neck (head tilts forwards) is anterocollis.
Occipito-cervical junction This disorder may result from rheumatoid arthritis, causing the hypermobility of the connection between the neck and head, resulting in paralysis or pain. [6] Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease is a type of cervical spine disorder that can cause tetraplegia. [7] Subaxial cervical spine [8] Atlanto-axial joint
The exercise is a form of habituation exercise, designed to allow the person to become accustomed to the position that causes the vertigo symptoms. The Brandt–Daroff exercises are performed in a similar fashion to the Semont maneuver; however, as the person rolls onto the unaffected side, the head is rotated toward the affected side.
Changes in muscle performance can be broadly described as the upper motor neuron syndrome. These changes vary depending on the site and the extent of the lesion, and may include: Muscle weakness. [2] known as 'pyramidal weakness' Decreased control of active movement, particularly slowness; Spasticity, a velocity-dependent change in muscle tone