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A tachi is a type of sabre-like traditionally made Japanese sword worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan. Tachi and uchigatana generally differ in length, degree of curvature, and how they were worn when sheathed, the latter depending on the location of the mei (銘), or signature, on the tang.
The tachi (太刀) style koshirae is the primary style of mounting used for the tachi, where the sword is suspended edge-down from two hangers (ashi) attached to the obi. [5] The hilt often had a slightly stronger curvature than the blade , continuing the classic tachi increase in curvature going from the tip to the hilt.
Like kazari-tachi, swords with this mounting were used for ceremonial purposes but also in warfare, as an example held at Ise Grand Shrine shows. [149] From the end of the Heian and into the Kamakura period, hyōgo-gusari [nb 21] were fashionable mountings for tachi. Along the edge of both the scabbard and the hilt they were decorated with a ...
Since tachi worn by court nobles were for ceremonial use, they generally had an iron plate instead of a blade. [56] [57] In the Kamakura period (1185–1333), high-ranking samurai wore hyogo gusari tachi (hyogo kusari no tachi, 兵庫鎖太刀), which meant a sword with chains in the arsenal.
Their definition as tachi (大刀) is specifically chronological, as it refers solely to ancient pre- Heian swords, unlike tachi (太刀) which refers to later swords. These ancient Japanese swords are also known as jokotō ( 上古刀 , ancient sword) .
Hyohō Niten Ichi-ryū (兵法 二天 一流), which can be loosely translated as "the school of the strategy of two heavens as one", is a koryū (ancient school), transmitting a style of classical Japanese swordsmanship conceived by Miyamoto Musashi.
Kogarasu Maru and Koshirae Replica of the tachi Kogarasu Maru, Ozawa Masatoshi, 1970.. The Kogarasu Maru (小烏丸), or "Little Crow Circle ", is a unique Japanese tachi sword believed to have been created by legendary Japanese smith Amakuni during the 8th century AD.
Japanese Edo period wood block print (ca 1735) of a samurai with a tachi and a wakizashi (or kodachi) The word katana first appears in Japanese in the Nihon Shoki of 720. The term is a compound of kata ("one side, one-sided") + na ("blade"), [6] [7] [8] in contrast to the double-sided tsurugi.