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[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
The structure consists of tetrahedral {AsO 4} and octahedral {AsO 6} centers linked by sharing corners. [3] The structure differs from that of the corresponding phosphorus(V) oxide; as a result, although there is still a solid solution with that oxide, it only progresses to the equimolar point, at which point phosphorus has substituted for arsenic in all of its tetrahedral sites.
Arsenic is used as the group 15 element in the III-V semiconductors gallium arsenide, indium arsenide, and aluminium arsenide. [10] The valence electron count of GaAs is the same as a pair of Si atoms, but the band structure is completely different which results in distinct bulk properties. [ 11 ]
Hydrolysis occurs only slowly in water forming arsenic trioxide and hydroiodic acid. The reaction proceeds via formation of arsenous acid which exists in equilibrium with hydroiodic acid. The aqueous solution is highly acidic, pH of 0.1N solution is 1.1. It decomposes to arsenic trioxide, elemental arsenic and iodine when heated in air at 200 °C.
Molecular structures of arsenic allotropes. Top left: Gray (metallic) arsenic, rhombohedral structure. Bottom left: Black arsenic, orthorhombic structure. Right: Yellow arsenic, tetrahedral configuration. [1] Arsenic in the solid state can be found as gray, black, or yellow allotropes. These various forms feature diverse structural motifs, with ...
Arsenic trisulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula As 2 S 3. It is a dark yellow solid that is insoluble in water. It is a dark yellow solid that is insoluble in water. It also occurs as the mineral orpiment (Latin: auripigmentum), which has been used as a pigment called King's yellow.
Arsenic is also a common n-type dopant in semiconductor electronic devices, and a component of the III–V compound semiconductor gallium arsenide. Arsenic and its compounds, especially the trioxide, are used in the production of pesticides, treated wood products, herbicides, and insecticides. These applications are declining with the ...
Many arsenides of the group 13 elements (group III) are valuable semiconductors. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) features isolated arsenic centers with a zincblende structure (wurtzite structure can eventually also form in nanostructures), and with predominantly covalent bonding – it is a III–V semiconductor.