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Top panels show a 60× magnification of the alpha-synuclein intraneuronal inclusions aggregated to form Lewy bodies. The bottom panels are 20× magnification images that show strand-like Lewy neurites and rounded Lewy bodies of various sizes. Neuromelanin-laden cells of the substantia nigra are visible in the background.
Parkinson's Disease causes constipation and gastric dysmotility that is severe enough to endanger comfort and even health. [26] A factor in this is the appearance of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites even before these affect the functioning of the substantia nigra in the neurons in the enteric nervous system that control gut functions.
Parkinson's typically manifests in individuals over 60, with about one percent affected. In those younger than 50, it is termed "early-onset PD". No cure for Parkinson's is known, and treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms. Initial treatment typically includes L-DOPA, MAO-B inhibitors, or dopamine agonists.
The drug is especially effective in treating patients in the early stages of Parkinson's, although it does lose its efficacy over time. [55] Levodopa can cross the blood–brain barrier and increases dopamine levels in the substantia nigra, thus alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The drawback of levodopa treatment is that it ...
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A brain tissue with Lewy bodies. The first major proposed cause of neuronal death in Parkinson's disease is the bundling, or oligomerization, of proteins.The protein alpha-synuclein has increased presence in the brains of Parkinson's Disease patients and, as α-synuclein is insoluble, it aggregates to form Lewy bodies (shown to left) in neurons.