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An Inuit woman in 1945 with traditional face tattoos. Kakiniit (Inuktitut: ᑲᑭᓐᓃᑦ [kɐ.ki.niːt]; sing. kakiniq, ᑲᑭᓐᓂᖅ) are the traditional tattoos of the Inuit of the North American Arctic. The practice is done almost exclusively among women, with women exclusively tattooing other women with the tattoos for various purposes.
In Inuktitut, the Inuit language of the eastern Canadian Arctic, the word kakiniit translates to the English word for tattoo [37]: 196 and the word tunniit means face tattoo. [34] Among the Inuit, some tattooed female faces and parts of the body symbolize a girl transitioning into a woman, coinciding with the start of her first menstrual cycle.
The tavluġun is an Indigenous Iñupiaq chin tattoo worn by women. [1] [2] [3] Women received tavlugun after puberty when they were of an age to be married and demonstrated their inner strength and tolerance for pain. [1] Marjorie Tahbone (Inupiaq/Kiowa) is a tattoo artist dedicated to reviving customary Alaska Native tattoos such as tavlugun ...
Arnaquq-Baril directed her first full-length film, Tunnit: Retracing the Lines of Inuit Tattoos (2010), a personal documentary about her journey to explore the lost tradition of Inuit facial tattoos or kakiniit. [4] Between 2011 and 2018, Arnaquq-Baril has worked on five other films in various roles as producer, director and screenwriter.
The Inuit Tattoo Revitalization Project is a community that was created to highlight the revitalization of this ancient tradition. [108] [109] [110]
The exhibition, Kakiniit/Hivonighijotaa: Inuit Embodied Practices and Meanings, uses traditional Inuit tattooing and its connections to Shamanism to explore indigenous cultural reclamation and Inuit identity. Kakiniit (Inuit traditional tattoos) are important to the Inuit identity and were once prohibited by missionaries.
During the journey, Arnarulunnguaq produced a number of drawings, including detailed images of Inuit women's tattoos. [7] Summing up her positive influence, Rasmussen tells us that Arnarulunnguaq had "that good humour about her that only a woman can instil [and was as] entertaining and courageous as any man when we were out on our journey." [2]
In 1566, French sailors abducted an Inuit woman and her child in modern-day Labrador and brought her to the city of Antwerp in modern-day Belgium. The mother was tattooed while the child was unmarked. In Antwerp, the two were put on display at a local tavern at least until 1567, with handbills promoting the event being distributed in the city.