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Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of the perception of sound by the human auditory system. It is the branch of science studying the psychological responses associated with sound including noise , speech , and music .
with Ernst Terhardt als Herausgeber: Facts and models in hearing. Proceedings of the Symposium on Psychophysical Models and Physiological Facts in Hearing. Held at Tutzing, Oberbayern, April 22–26, 1974. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1974; Psychoakustik. Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 1982, ISBN 3-540-11401-7; with Manfred Zollner: Elektroakustik.
A Zwicker tone is a short-term auditory illusion which resembles tinnitus (ringing of the ears). It was discovered in 1964 by Eberhard Zwicker at Bell Labs. [1] The Zwicker tone can be described as follows: while listening to broadband noise ("white noise") with a spectral gap, if it is switched off, a faint tone lasting for several seconds can be heard.
A440 Play ⓘ. 440 Hz = 4.21 or 4.39. The Bark scale is a psychoacoustical scale proposed by Eberhard Zwicker in 1961. It is named after Heinrich Barkhausen, who proposed the first subjective measurements of loudness. [1]
A complete model of the perception of loudness will include the integration of SPL by frequency. [ 5 ] Historically, loudness was measured using an ear-balancing method with an audiometer in which the amplitude of a sine wave was adjusted by the user to equal the perceived loudness of the sound being evaluated. [ 6 ]
One filter type used to model the auditory filters is the gammatone filter. It is a simple linear filter and therefore is easy to implement, but cannot by itself account for nonlinear aspects of the auditory system; it is nevertheless used in a variety of models of the auditory system. Variations and improvements of the gammatone model of ...
Lloyd Alexander Jeffress (November 15, 1900 – April 2, 1986) [1] was an acoustical scientist, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Texas at Austin, [1] and a developer of mine-hunting models for the US Navy during World War II and after, [2] Jeffress was known to psychologists for his pioneering research on auditory masking in psychoacoustics, his stimulus-oriented ...
For multi-component or broadband signals, a more elaborate loudness model is required, accounting for critical bands. To be fully precise, a measurement in sones must be specified in terms of the optional suffix G, which means that the loudness value is calculated from frequency groups, and by one of the two suffixes D (for direct field or free ...