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The Ancient Greek form Tigris (ΤΞ―γρις) is an alternative form of TígrΔs (ΤΞ―γρης), which was adapted from Old Persian π«π‘π₯πΌπ (TigrΔ), itself from Elamite Tigra, itself from Sumerian πππ¦ππΌ (Idigna or Idigina, probably derived from *id (i)gina "running water"). [5]
An area called Su-land and another area known as Mardaman supplied gold to Sumer. Su-land was most likely in Iran while Mardaman was in Turkey. [17] Areas around the Kokcha river supplied lapis lazuli and Tin came from places east of the Iranian plateau. [1] [18] Many Sumerian resources came from mountains. Carnelian came from the Alborz ...
Despite seemingly enforcing some regulations, Seleucid policy was still somewhat free compared to the Ptolemaic Kingdom which imposed an exclusive royal currency. [5] In coin making process there were similarities with the Ptolemaic coinage. For instance, the Seleucid coins often have a central depression from the coin making process. [8] [9]
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The three most important standards of the ancient Greek monetary system were the Attic standard, based on the Athenian drachma of 4.3 grams (2.8 pennyweights) of silver, the Corinthian standard based on the stater of 8.6 g (5.5 dwt) of silver, that was subdivided into three silver drachmas of 2.9 g (1.9 dwt), and the Aeginetan stater or didrachm of 12.2 g (7.8 dwt), based on a drachma of 6.1 g ...
Usually made of silver, [225] the Greek drachma coin, including the tetradrachm, was the standard currency used throughout the Parthian Empire. [226] The Arsacids maintained royal mints at the cities of Hecatompylos, Seleucia, and Ecbatana. [42] They most likely operated a mint at Mithridatkert/Nisa as well. [26]
Agriculture was the main economic activity in ancient Mesopotamia.Operating under harsh constraints, notably the arid climate, the Mesopotamian farmers developed effective strategies that enabled them to support the development of the first known empires, under the supervision of the institutions which dominated the economy: the royal and provincial palaces, the temples, and the domains of the ...
The practice of using silver bars for currency also seems to have been current in Central Asia from the 6th century. [8] Cyrus the Great introduced coins to the Persian Empire after 546 BC, following his conquest of Lydia and the defeat of its king Croesus, whose father Alyattes had put in place the first coinage in history. [7]