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Parietal cells produce potent hydrochloric acid, which damages cells. Gastric chief cells produce pepsinogen, which is activated by the acid to form pepsin. Pepsin is a protease that can digest and damage stomach cells. To prevent these disastrous effects, mucus and bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 −) are secreted by the foveolar cells.
These cells almost fill the tube and the remaining lumen is continued as a very fine channel. Cells found in the gastric glands include mucous neck cells, chief cells, parietal cells, G cells, and enterochromaffin-like cells (ECLs). The first cells of all of the glands are mucus-secreting foveolar cells that line the gastric pits.
The anatomy of the foveola was recently reinvestigated. [2] Serial semithin and ultrathin sections, and focused ion beam (FIB) tomography were prepared from 32 foveolae from monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) and humans. Serial sections and FIB analysis were then used to construct 3D models of central Müller and photoreceptor cells. [2]
foveolae gastricae: TA98: A05.5.01.032 ... but give way to a series of other types of cells which then line the ... public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy
Diagram of the alkaline mucous layer in the stomach with mucosal defense mechanisms. The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach, which contains the gastric pits, to which the gastric glands empty. In humans, it is about one mm thick, and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety.
The macula (/ˈmakjʊlə/) [1] or macula lutea is an oval-shaped pigmented area in the center of the retina of the human eye and in other animals. The macula in humans has a diameter of around 5.5 mm (0.22 in) and is subdivided into the umbo, foveola, foveal avascular zone, fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas.
The gastric folds consist of two layers: Mucosal layer – This layer releases stomach acid.It is the innermost layer of the stomach. [5] It is affected by the hormone histamine, which signals it to release hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Elongated, tortuous, and cystic foveolae separated by edematous and inflamed stroma. [4] Gastric hyperplastic polyposis Fundic gland polyp: Fundus of stomach: Cystically dilated glands lined by chief cells, parietal cells and mucinous foveolar cells. [5] Very low or none, when sporadic. [6] Fundic gland polyposis: Sessile serrated adenoma ...