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The iliopsoas muscle is a composite muscle formed from the psoas major muscle, and the iliacus muscle. The psoas major originates along the outer surfaces of the vertebral bodies of T12 and L1–L3 and their associated intervertebral discs. [1] The iliacus originates in the iliac fossa of the pelvis. [2]
The psoas major (/ ˈ s oʊ. ə s / or / ˈ s oʊ. æ s /; from Ancient Greek: ψόᾱ, romanized: psóā, lit. 'muscles of the loins') is a long fusiform muscle located in the lateral lumbar region between the vertebral column and the brim of the lesser pelvis.
The iliacus and psoas major comprise the iliopsoas group. The psoas major is a large muscle that runs from the bodies and disc of the L1 to L5 vertebrae, joins with the iliacus via its tendon, and connects to the lesser trochanter of the femur. The iliacus originates on the iliac fossa of the ilium. Together these muscles are commonly referred ...
The psoas sign, also known as Cope's sign (or Cope's psoas test [1]) or Obraztsova's sign, [2] is a medical sign that indicates irritation to the iliopsoas group of hip flexors in the abdomen, and consequently indicates that the inflamed appendix is retrocaecal in orientation (as the iliopsoas muscle is retroperitoneal).
The iliacus and nearby muscles. The hip flexors are (in descending order of importance to the action of flexing the hip joint): [2] Collectively known as the iliopsoas or inner hip muscles: Psoas major; Iliacus muscle; Anterior compartment of thigh. Rectus femoris (part of the quadriceps muscle group) Sartorius; One of the gluteal muscles ...
In open-chain exercises, as part of the iliopsoas, the iliacus is important for lifting (flexing) the femur forward (e.g. front scale).In closed-chain exercises, the iliopsoas bends the trunk forward and can lift the trunk from a lying posture (e.g. sit-ups, back scale) because the psoas major crosses several vertebral joints and the sacroiliac joint.
Psoas abscess is a collection of pus in the iliopsoas muscle compartment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be classified into primary psoas abscess (caused by hematogenous or lymphatic spread of a pathogen ) and secondary psoas abscess (resulting from contiguous spread from an adjacent infectious focus).
The summit of the lesser trochanter gives insertion to the tendon of the psoas major muscle and the iliacus muscle; [3] the lesser trochanter represents the principal attachment of the iliopsoas. [ 1 ]