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Polycarp is regarded as a saint and Church Father in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Lutheranism, and Anglicanism. Both Irenaeus and Tertullian say that Polycarp had been a disciple of John the Apostle , one of Jesus's disciples .
Polycarp (/ ˈ p ɒ l i k ɑːr p /; Greek: Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; Latin: Polycarpus; AD 69 – 155) was a Christian bishop of Smyrna. [2] According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp, he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to consume his body. [3]
Polycarp was martyred, the next bishop of Smyrna was Papirius. Papirius was later succeeded by Camerius, [4] Smyrna was also the place of martyrdom of Saint Pionius, during the reign of Decius. [5] Already from the early Christian years Smyrna was an autocephalous archbishopric as part of the wider Metropolis of Ephesus.
Saint Polycarp was a Quartodeciman. [3] [4]There is scholarly disagreement on which tradition is the original. Some scholars believe that Sunday observance began before Quartodecimanism, while others have argued that Quartodecimanism was original. [5]
Following his secondary education in Turkey, Aydın earned a degree of Bachelor of Divinity in 1995 at Heythrop College, University of London, United Kingdom. Next, he spent a year at the Oriental Institute of the University of Oxford , United Kingdom as a Visiting Student, following a Master of Syriac Studies (M.St.) under the supervision of ...
The back (west) window was made in Germany in 1895. The front (east) window was made in 1904 by Charles Kempe and includes a small panel showing Ignatius of Antioch on his way to martyrdom, being greeted in Smyrna by St. Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, who kisses the martyr's chains.
There is also a forceful epistle written by Polycarp to the Philippians, from which those who wish to do so, and are anxious about their salvation, can learn the character of his faith, and the preaching of the truth. [5] The epistle is one of a number believed to have been written by Polycarp, but is the only extant document. [6]
A second, the Passiones, includes the martyrdoms of Saint Ignatius of Antioch, Saint Polycarp, and the Martyrs of Lyons, the famous Acts of Perpetua and Felicitas, and the Passion of Saint Irenaeus. In these accounts, miraculous elements are restricted, which proved to be unpopular and was often later embellished with legendary material.