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The European nightcrawler (Dendrobaena hortensis) is a medium-small earthworm averaging about 1.5 g when fully grown. Generally blueish, pink-grey in color with a banded or striped appearance, the tips of their tails are often cream or pale yellow. When the species has not been feeding, it is pale pink.
In North America, the term nightcrawler (or vitalis) is also used, and more specifically Canadian nightcrawler, referring to the fact that the large majority of these worms sold commercially (usually as fishing bait) are from Southern Ontario. In Canada, it is also called the dew worm, or "Grandaddy Earthworm".
Most of the invasive earthworms are European or Asian and came over in soil during the 18th century as Europeans began settling the North American continent. The worms were originally transferred through the horticultural trade, probably in the soil bulbs of European plants carried to the Americas. Some earthworms have been brought over to be ...
Species: [1] Dendrobaena alpina (Rosa, 1884); Dendrobaena apora Qiu & Bouché, 1998; Dendrobaena attemsi (Michaelsen, 1903); Dendrobaena auriculifera Zicsi, 1969 ...
All worms make compost but some species are not suitable for this purpose. Vermicompost worms are generally epigean. Species most often used for composting include: Eisenia fetida (Europe), the red wiggler or tiger worm. Closely related to Eisenia andrei, which is also usable. Eisenia hortensis (Europe), European nightcrawlers, prefers high C:N ...
Fecundity, growth, maturation and biomass production were all significantly greater at 25 °C than 15°, 20°or 30°. {25 °C = 77 °F} The growth of individual earthworms increases as the population density lowers, but the greatest overall earthworm biomass production occurs at the highest population density.