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However, the rates of these side effects with bicalutamide monotherapy are very low. [8] In the EPC trial, at 7.4 years follow-up, the rates of decreased libido and impotence were only 3.6% and 9.3% in the 150 mg/day bicalutamide monotherapy group relative to 1.2% and 6.5% for placebo, respectively. [ 8 ]
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Gastrointestinal side-effects lead to discontinuation of the drug in 2% to 8% of people using varenicline. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] Incidence of nausea is dose-dependent: incidence of nausea was higher in people taking a larger dose (30%) versus placebo (10%) as compared to people taking a smaller dose (16%) versus placebo (11%).
Amisulpride is approved and used at low doses in the treatment of dysthymia and major depressive disorder. [10] [20] [11] [21] [22] [23] Whereas typical doses used in schizophrenia block postsynaptic dopamine D 2-like receptors and reduce dopaminergic neurotransmission, low doses of amisulpride preferentially block presynaptic dopamine D 2 and D 3 autoreceptors and thereby disinhibit dopamine ...
[6] [21] The long-term effects of benzodiazepines may differ from the adverse effects seen after acute administration of benzodiazepines. [22] An analysis of cancer patients found that those who took tranquillisers or sleeping tablets had a substantially poorer quality of life on all measurements conducted, as well as a worse clinical picture ...
Aripiprazole is an effective add-on treatment for major depressive disorder; however, there is a greater rate of side effects such as weight gain and movement disorders. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] The overall benefit is small to moderate and its use appears to neither improve quality of life nor functioning. [ 31 ]
Its use, however, is mainly as a second or third line agent, due to side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, and drowsiness. [42] Clonidine can be administered intrathecally , [ 43 ] which confers various benefits, including a reduction or prevention of the blood pressure lowering effects and increased effectiveness against spasticity. [ 44 ]
It has also been found effective in the treatment of other addictions and may be used for them off-label. [12] An opioid-dependent person should not receive naltrexone before detoxification. [8] It is taken orally or by injection into a muscle. [8] Effects begin within 30 minutes, [8] though a decreased desire for opioids may take a few weeks ...