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For example, instead of testing whether x equals 1.1, one might test whether (x <= 1.0), or (x < 1.1), either of which would be certain to exit after a finite number of iterations. Another way to fix this particular example would be to use an integer as a loop index , counting the number of iterations that have been performed.
If the condition is true, then the lines of code inside the loop are executed. The advancement to the next iteration part is performed exactly once every time the loop ends. The loop is then repeated if the condition evaluates to true. Here is an example of the C-style traditional for-loop in Java.
In these examples, if N < 1 then the body of loop may execute once (with I having value 1) or not at all, depending on the programming language. In many programming languages, only integers can be reliably used in a count-controlled loop. Floating-point numbers are represented imprecisely due to hardware constraints, so a loop such as
For example, java.io.InputStream is a fully ... The following while loop in the code below reads ... java.lang.Float: floating point number ±1.401298E−45 through ...
Java has had a standard interface for implementing iterators since its early days, and since Java 5, the "foreach" construction makes it easy to loop over objects that provide the java.lang.Iterable interface. (The Java collections framework and other collections frameworks, typically provide iterators for all collections.)
For example, a recursive function to sum the numbers up to a number n might add n to the sum of the numbers up to n-1. The way this process ends is with a special case. In this situation, for instance, if n were 1 the function would return 1.
A loop invariant can serve one of the following purposes: purely documentary; to be checked within in the code, e.g. by an assertion call; to be verified based on the Floyd-Hoare approach; For 1., a natural language comment (like // m equals the maximum value in a[0...i-1] in the above example) is sufficient.
The correct number of sections for a fence is n − 1 if the fence is a free-standing line segment bounded by a post at each of its ends (e.g., a fence between two passageway gaps), n if the fence forms one complete, free-standing loop (e.g., enclosure accessible by surmounting, such as a boxing ring), or n + 1 if posts do not occur at the ends ...