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Tā moko is the permanent marking or tattooing as customarily practised by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand. It is one of the five main Polynesian tattoo styles (the other four are Marquesan, Samoan, Tahitian and Hawaiian). [1] Tohunga-tā-moko (tattooists) were considered tapu, or inviolable and sacred. [2]
Moko facial tattoos were traditional in Māori culture until about the mid-19th century, when their use began to disappear. There has been something of a revival from the late 20th century. In pre-European Māori culture, they denoted high social status. Generally only men had full facial moko. High-ranked women often had moko on their lips and ...
The design is not based on any specific moko [27] and was created directly on Tyson's face. [28] Tyson saw the tattoo as representing the Māori, whom he described as a "warrior tribe", and approved of the design, [29] which consists of monochrome spiral shapes above and below his left eye. [30]
The start of her career coincided with a revival of interest in tā moko as an art form and particularly a revival of moko kauae, chin tattoos worn by women. [7] New Zealand news website Stuff has described her as being at the "forefront" of the revival of tā moko. [8]
Tā moko is the art of traditional Māori tattooing, done with a chisel. Men were tattooed on many parts of their bodies, including faces, buttocks and thighs. Women were usually tattooed only on the lips and chin. Moko conveyed a person's ancestry.
The tā moko (or ‘kauae’ for women) is a sacred facial tattoo still frequently practiced in Māori society. [9] Its name is derived from the mythological figure ‘Atua Rūaumoko’ – the latest child of Ranginui et Papatūānuku of Rarohenga. [9] [10] The origin of the art is recorded in several variations.
Paama-Pengelly has also taught at the Western Institute of Technology, Taranaki and Massey University, Wellington. She established a tattoo studio in Mt Maunganui in 2011 called Art + Body. [6] [9] [10] Her art practice includes paintings, printmaking, installation, and tā moko.
Te Awekotuku has researched and written extensively on the traditional and contemporary practices of tā moko (tattoo) in New Zealand. Her 2007 (re-published in 2011) book Mau Moko: the world of Maori tattoo, co-authored with Linda Waimarie Nikora, was the product of a five-year long research project conducted by the Māori and Psychology Research Unit at the University of Waikato, funded by a ...