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Hyperphosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is an elevated level of phosphate in the blood. [1] Most people have no symptoms while others develop calcium deposits in the soft tissue. [1] The disorder is often accompanied by low calcium blood levels, which can result in muscle spasms. [1]
Hypervitaminosis A refers to the toxic effects of ingesting too much preformed vitamin A (retinyl esters, retinol, and retinal).Symptoms arise as a result of altered bone metabolism and altered metabolism of other fat-soluble vitamins.
Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body.
Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides, medications, and nerve agents. [4] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea, vomiting, small pupils, sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [2]
Nephrocalcinosis is connected with conditions that cause hypercalcaemia, hyperphosphatemia, and the increased excretion of calcium, phosphate, and/or oxalate in the urine. A high urine pH can lead to nephrocalcinosis but only if it is accompanied by hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia , since having a normal urinary citrate usually inhibits the ...
Ectopic calcification is a pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues or bone growth in soft tissues.This can be a symptom of hyperphosphatemia.Formation of osseous tissue in soft tissues such as the lungs, eyes, arteries, or other organs is known as ectopic calcification, dystrophic calcification, or ectopic ossification.
Hyperphosphatemia causes acute kidney injury in tumor lysis syndrome, because of deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the kidney parenchyma. [2] Hypocalcemia. Because of the hyperphosphatemia, calcium is precipitated to form calcium phosphate, leading to hypocalcemia. [2] Symptoms of hypocalcemia include (but are not limited to): [9] tetany
While many cases of HPMRS are caused by mutations in the PIGV gene, [5] there may be genetic heterogeneity in the spectrum of Mabry syndrome as a whole. [2] PIGV is a member of the molecular pathway that synthesizes the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. [6]