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Vectors involved in the parallelogram law. In a normed space, the statement of the parallelogram law is an equation relating norms: ‖ ‖ + ‖ ‖ = ‖ + ‖ + ‖ ‖,.. The parallelogram law is equivalent to the seemingly weaker statement: ‖ ‖ + ‖ ‖ ‖ + ‖ + ‖ ‖, because the reverse inequality can be obtained from it by substituting (+) for , and () for , and then simplifying.
Figure 1: Parallelogram construction for adding vectors. This construction has the same result as moving F 2 so its tail coincides with the head of F 1, and taking the net force as the vector joining the tail of F 1 to the head of F 2. This procedure can be repeated to add F 3 to the resultant F 1 + F 2, and so forth.
A property of Euclidean spaces is the parallelogram property of vectors: If two segments are equipollent, then they form two sides of a parallelogram: If a given vector holds between a and b, c and d, then the vector which holds between a and c is the same as that which holds between b and d.
Vectors involved in the polarization identity ‖ ‖ + ‖ ‖ = ‖ + ‖ + ‖ ‖.. In linear algebra, a branch of mathematics, the polarization identity is any one of a family of formulas that express the inner product of two vectors in terms of the norm of a normed vector space.
The following are important identities in vector algebra.Identities that only involve the magnitude of a vector ‖ ‖ and the dot product (scalar product) of two vectors A·B, apply to vectors in any dimension, while identities that use the cross product (vector product) A×B only apply in three dimensions, since the cross product is only defined there.
When two forces act on a point particle, the resulting force, the resultant (also called the net force), can be determined by following the parallelogram rule of vector addition: the addition of two vectors represented by sides of a parallelogram, gives an equivalent resultant vector that is equal in magnitude and direction to the transversal ...
Cross product distributivity over vector addition. Left: The vectors b and c are resolved into parallel and perpendicular components to a. Right: The parallel components vanish in the cross product, only the perpendicular components shown in the plane perpendicular to a remain. [12] The two nonequivalent triple cross products of three vectors a ...
The dotted vector, in this case B, is differentiated, while the (undotted) A is held constant. The utility of the Feynman subscript notation lies in its use in the derivation of vector and tensor derivative identities, as in the following example which uses the algebraic identity C⋅(A×B) = (C×A)⋅B: