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The Madras Presidency had the highest literacy rate of all the provinces in British India. [208] In 1901, Madras had a male literacy rate of 11.9 percent and a female literacy rate of 0.9 percent. [209] In 1950, when the Madras Presidency became Madras State, the literacy rate was slightly higher than the national average of 18 percent. [210]
Map of "Madras Presidency" from Pope, G. U. (1880) The Madras Presidency was a province of British India comprising most of the present day Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh along with a few districts and taluks of Karnataka, Kerala and Odisha. A few princely states, notably Ramnad and Pudukkottai also
The Indian National Congress was elected to power in 1937 [32] for the first time in Madras Presidency and barring the six years when Madras was in a state of Emergency, ruled the Presidency till India got independence on 15 August 1947. Chakravarti Rajagopalachari was the first Chief Minister of Madras Presidency from the Congress party.
Map of South Arcot district. South Arcot District was a district in the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Cuddalore, Kallakurichi and Viluppuram in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The district was divided into eight taluks and covered a total area of 13,510 square kilometres (5,217 sq mi).
Madras was elevated to a presidency in 1684 and remained so until 12 February 1785 when new rules and regulations brought by the Pitt's India Act reformed the administration of the East India Company with the exception of a three-year period of French rule from 1746 to 1749 when Madras was a governorship.
The Madras States Agency was a colonial agency for the indirect rule of princely states associated with British India. Founded in 1923, it consisted of these five princely states (by precedence) : Travancore , ruled by a Maharaja with a hereditary salute of 19-guns;
A mezzotint engraving of Fort William, Calcutta, the capital of the Bengal Presidency in British India 1735. The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In ...
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