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The function q(n) gives the number of these strict partitions of the given sum n. For example, q(3) = 2 because the partitions 3 and 1 + 2 are strict, while the third partition 1 + 1 + 1 of 3 has repeated parts. The number q(n) is also equal to the number of partitions of n in which only odd summands are permitted. [20]
and the number of partitions of n in which all parts are 1, 2 or 3 (or, equivalently, the number of partitions of n into at most three parts) is the nearest integer to (n + 3) 2 / 12. [ 14 ] Partitions in a rectangle and Gaussian binomial coefficients
Generally, a partition is a division of a whole into non-overlapping parts. Among the kinds of partitions considered in mathematics are partition of a set or an ordered partition of a set, partition of a graph, partition of an integer, partition of an interval, partition of unity, partition of a matrix; see block matrix, and
If there is a remainder in solving a partition problem, the parts will end up with unequal sizes. For example, if 52 cards are dealt out to 5 players, then 3 of the players will receive 10 cards each, and 2 of the players will receive 11 cards each, since 52 5 = 10 + 2 5 {\textstyle {\frac {52}{5}}=10+{\frac {2}{5}}} .
In number theory, Glaisher's theorem is an identity useful to the study of integer partitions.Proved in 1883 [1] by James Whitbread Lee Glaisher, it states that the number of partitions of an integer into parts not divisible by is equal to the number of partitions in which no part is repeated or more times.
Sigma function: Sums of powers of divisors of a given natural number. Euler's totient function: Number of numbers coprime to (and not bigger than) a given one. Prime-counting function: Number of primes less than or equal to a given number. Partition function: Order-independent count of ways to write a given positive integer as a sum of positive ...
These two types of partition are in bijection with each other, by a diagonal reflection of their Young diagrams. Their numbers can be arranged into a triangle, the triangle of partition numbers , in which the n {\displaystyle n} th row gives the partition numbers p 1 ( n ) , p 2 ( n ) , … , p n ( n ) {\displaystyle p_{1}(n),p_{2}(n),\dots ,p ...
In number theory and computer science, the partition problem, or number partitioning, [1] is the task of deciding whether a given multiset S of positive integers can be partitioned into two subsets S 1 and S 2 such that the sum of the numbers in S 1 equals the sum of the numbers in S 2.