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The terms proximal (from Latin proximus ' nearest ') and distal (from Latin distare ' to stand away from ') are used to describe parts of a feature that are close to or distant from the main mass of the body, respectively. [8] Thus the upper arm in humans is proximal and the hand is distal.
Anatomical terminology is a specialized system of terms used by anatomists, zoologists, and health professionals, such as doctors, surgeons, and pharmacists, to describe the structures and functions of the body. This terminology incorporates a range of unique terms, prefixes, and suffixes derived primarily from Ancient Greek and Latin.
The forearm is the region of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist. [1] The term forearm is used in anatomy to distinguish it from the arm , a word which is used to describe the entire appendage of the upper limb, but which in anatomy, technically, means only the region of the upper arm, whereas the lower "arm" is called the forearm.
the brachial region encompassing the upper arm, the olecranal region encompassing the back of the elbow, the antebrachial region encompasses the forearm, front and back; and the manual or manus region encompassing the back of the hand. The posterior regions of the legs, from superior to inferior, include the gluteal region encompassing the ...
of or relating to the arm Latin bracchium, from Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), arm brachium of inferior colliculus: brachy-indicating 'short' or less commonly 'little' Greek βραχύς (brakhús), short, little, shallow brachycephalic: brady-slow Greek βραδύς (bradús), slow bradycardia, bradyzoite: bronch(i)-of or relating to the ...
However, in common, literary, and historical usage, arm refers to the entire upper limb from shoulder to wrist. This article uses the former definition; see upper limb for the wider definition. [8] In primates, the arm is adapted for precise positioning of the hand and thus assist in the hand's manipulative tasks. The ball and socket shoulder ...
Standard terms used throughout anatomy include anterior / posterior for the front and back of a structure, superior / inferior for above and below, medial / lateral for structures close to and away from the midline respectively, and proximal / distal for structures close to and far away from a set point.
Many anatomical terms descriptive of bone are defined in anatomical terminology, and are often derived from Greek and Latin. Bone in the human body is categorized into long bone , short bone , flat bone , irregular bone and sesamoid bone .