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The Battle of Kohima was the turning point of the Japanese U-Go offensive into India in 1944 during the Second World War.The battle took place in three stages from 4 April to 22 June 1944 around the town of Kohima, now the capital city of Nagaland in Northeast India.
The capture of Stalingrad was subsidiary to the main aim. It was only of importance as a convenient place, in the bottleneck between Don and the Volga, where we could block an attack on our flank by Russian forces coming from the east. At the start, Stalingrad was no more than a name on the map to us. [79]
The western half of the Stalingrad pocket had been lost by 17 January. The fighting then paused for four days while the Soviet forces regrouped and redeployed for the next phase of the operation. Understanding the desperate nature of the struggle, on the 19th, Paulus requested permission from OKH to lead a breakout to the South: [12]
Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus (23 September 1890 – 1 February 1957) was a German Generalfeldmarschall (Field Marshal) during World War II who is best known for his surrender of the German 6th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad (July 1942 to February 1943).
Volgograd, [a] formerly Tsaritsyn [b] (1589–1925) and Stalingrad [c] (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga , covering an area of 859.4 square kilometres (331.8 square miles), with a population of slightly over one million residents. [ 11 ]
The situation for the German troops in Stalingrad remained stable until the Soviets launched Operation Uranus on 19 November 1942. The aim of this operation was the complete encirclement and isolation of the German 6th Army. To accomplish this, the Soviets struck at the weak Romanian armies to the north and south of Stalingrad.
Two months after the beginning of Case Blue, the 6th Army reached the outskirts of Stalingrad on 23 August. [12] On the same day, over 1,000 aircraft of the Luftflotte 4 bombed the city, killing many civilians. Stalingrad was defended by the 62nd Army (Soviet Union) under the command of General Vasily Chuikov. [13]
With the battle for the city and the exhaustion of Fourth Panzer Army, the flanks were mainly guarded by Romanian, Hungarian and Italian soldiers. Third Romanian Army, on the Don River west of Stalingrad, and Fourth Romanian Army, south-east of Stalingrad, had been under constant Soviet attack since September.