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The attenuation coefficient of a volume, denoted μ, is defined as [6] =, where Φ e is the radiant flux;; z is the path length of the beam.; Note that for an attenuation coefficient which does not vary with z, this equation is solved along a line from =0 to as:
The absorption coefficient for spectral flux (a beam of radiation with a single wavelength, [W/m 2 /μm]) differs from the absorption coefficient for spectral intensity [W/sr/m 2 /μm] used in Schwarzschild's equation. Integration of an absorption coefficient over a path from s 1 and s 2 affords the optical thickness (τ) of that path, a ...
Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically. Equations of ...
In those situations, the most general form of the Beer–Lambert law states that the total attenuation can be obtained by integrating the attenuation coefficient over small slices dz of the beamline: = = (), = = (). These formulations then reduce to the simpler versions when there is only one active species and the attenuation coefficients are ...
The RTE is a differential equation describing radiance (, ^,).It can be derived via conservation of energy.Briefly, the RTE states that a beam of light loses energy through divergence and extinction (including both absorption and scattering away from the beam) and gains energy from light sources in the medium and scattering directed towards the beam.
absorption coefficient is essentially (but not quite always) synonymous with attenuation coefficient; see attenuation coefficient for details; molar absorption coefficient or molar extinction coefficient , also called molar absorptivity , is the attenuation coefficient divided by molarity (and usually multiplied by ln(10), i.e., decadic); see ...
Attenuation decreases the intensity of electromagnetic radiation due to absorption or scattering of photons. Attenuation does not include the decrease in intensity due to inverse-square law geometric spreading. Therefore, calculation of the total change in intensity involves both the inverse-square law and an estimation of attenuation over the ...
Mass attenuation coefficients of selected elements for X-ray photons with energies up to 250 keV. The mass attenuation coefficient, or mass narrow beam attenuation coefficient of a material is the attenuation coefficient normalized by the density of the material; that is, the attenuation per unit mass (rather than per unit of distance).