Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In mathematics, the complex conjugate of a complex number is the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. That is, if a {\displaystyle a} and b {\displaystyle b} are real numbers, then the complex conjugate of a + b i {\displaystyle a+bi} is a − b i . {\displaystyle a-bi.}
The conjugate transpose of a matrix with real entries reduces to the transpose of , as the conjugate of a real number is the number itself. The conjugate transpose can be motivated by noting that complex numbers can be usefully represented by 2 × 2 {\displaystyle 2\times 2} real matrices, obeying matrix addition and multiplication: [ 3 ]
A complex number is real if and only if it equals its own conjugate. The unary operation of taking the complex conjugate of a complex number cannot be expressed by applying only their basic operations addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Argument φ and modulus r locate a point in the complex plane.
In other words, the scalar multiplication of ¯ satisfies = ¯ where is the scalar multiplication of ¯ and is the scalar multiplication of . The letter v {\displaystyle v} stands for a vector in V , {\displaystyle V,} α {\displaystyle \alpha } is a complex number, and α ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {\alpha }}} denotes the complex conjugate ...
The conjugate of a product of two quaternions is the product of the conjugates in the reverse order. That is, if p and q are quaternions, then (pq) ∗ = q ∗ p ∗, not p ∗ q ∗. The conjugation of a quaternion, in stark contrast to the complex setting, can be expressed with multiplication and addition of quaternions:
This results from applying to the definition of matrix product the fact that the conjugate of a sum is the sum of the conjugates of the summands and the conjugate of a product is the product of the conjugates of the factors. Transposition acts on the indices of the entries, while conjugation acts independently on the entries themselves.
In mathematics, a Hermitian matrix (or self-adjoint matrix) is a complex square matrix that is equal to its own conjugate transpose—that is, the element in the i-th row and j-th column is equal to the complex conjugate of the element in the j-th row and i-th column, for all indices i and j: = ¯
In linear algebra, the adjugate or classical adjoint of a square matrix A, adj(A), is the transpose of its cofactor matrix. [1] [2] It is occasionally known as adjunct matrix, [3] [4] or "adjoint", [5] though that normally refers to a different concept, the adjoint operator which for a matrix is the conjugate transpose.