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North Georgia G5 - secure: Dryopteridaceae: Polystichum acrostichoides [1]: 15 Christmas fern: Common state-wide except the pine flatwoods of southeast Georgia G5 - secure: Dryopteridaceae: Physematium obtusum [1]: 15 Common Woodsia, Blunt-lobed woodsia, Cliff fern: State-wide, especially northern Georgia G5 - secure: Lygodiaceae
Below are lists of extant fern families and subfamilies using the classification scheme proposed by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016 (PPG I). [1] The scheme is based on molecular phylogenetic studies, and also draws on earlier classifications, [1] particularly those by Smith et al. (2006), [2] Chase and Reveal (2009), [3] and Christenhusz et al. (2011). [4]
The resurrection fern lives on the branches of large trees such as cypresses and can often be seen carpeting the shady areas on limbs of large oak trees repeatedly exposed to rainfall. However, it is known to grow on the surfaces of rocks and dead logs as well. It is often found in the company of other epiphytic plants, such as Spanish moss.
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase.
Polypodiales are unique in bearing sporangia with a vertical annulus interrupted by the stalk and stomium. [2] These sporangial characters were used by Johann Jakob Bernhardi to define a group of ferns he called the "Cathetogyratae"; [3] the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group has suggested reviving this name as the informal term cathetogyrates, to replace the ambiguously circumscribed term "polypods ...
Lygodium microphyllum causes problems in the environments where it is invasive.The plant damages wetland ecosystems, harming endangered species. [10] The ferns ability to grow up and over trees and shrubs and to form dense horizontal canopies allows it to cover whole communities of plants, reducing native plant diversity.
Florida: Orange blossom (state flower) Citrus sinensis: 1909 [12] Tickseed (state wildflower) Coreopsis spp. 1991 [13] Georgia: Cherokee rose (state floral emblem) Rosa laevigata: 1916 [14] Azalea (state wildflower) Rhododendron: 1979 [15] Guam: Bougainvillea spectabilis: Bougainvillea spectabilis: 1968 [4] Hawaii: Hawaiian hibiscus (maʻo hau ...
In terms of biodiversity, the only comparable temperate deciduous forest regions in the world are in central China, Japan, and in the Caucasus Mountains.Both the Appalachians (along with the neighbouring Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests ecoregion) and central China contain relict habitats of an ancient forest that was once widespread over the Northern Hemisphere.