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  2. Correlation does not imply causation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply...

    In philosophical terminology, "cause" can refer to necessary, sufficient, or contributing causes. In examining correlation, "cause" is most often used to mean "one contributing cause" (but not necessarily the only contributing cause). Dinosaur illiteracy and extinction may be correlated, but that would not mean the variables had a causal ...

  3. Correspondence principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correspondence_principle

    In physics, a correspondence principle is any one of several premises or assertions about the relationship between classical and quantum mechanics.The physicist Niels Bohr coined the term in 1920 [1] during the early development of quantum theory; he used it to explain how quantized classical orbitals connect to quantum radiation. [2]

  4. Limiting case (philosophy of science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limiting_case_(philosophy...

    In the philosophy of science, under the correspondence principle, a limiting case theory is an earlier theory which becomes incorporated into a later, usually broader theory; that is to say, the earlier (limiting case) theory proves to be a special or limited case of the later theory. Technically, a theory is said to be a limiting case of ...

  5. Bohr–Sommerfeld model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr–Sommerfeld_model

    where p r is the radial momentum canonically conjugate to the coordinate q, which is the radial position, and T is one full orbital period. The integral is the action of action-angle coordinates. This condition, suggested by the correspondence principle, is the only one possible, since the quantum numbers are adiabatic invariants.

  6. Copenhagen interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_interpretation

    The correspondence principle: in the appropriate limit, quantum theory comes to resemble classical physics and reproduces the classical predictions. The Born rule : the wave function of a system yields probabilities for the outcomes of measurements upon that system.

  7. Causation (sociology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causation_(sociology)

    Causality, within sociology, has been the subject of epistemological debates, particularly concerning the external validity of research findings; one factor driving the tenuous nature of causation within social research is the wide variety of potential "causes" that can be attributed to a particular phenomena.

  8. Ehrenfest theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehrenfest_theorem

    Nevertheless, as explained in the introduction, for states that are highly localized in space, the expected position and momentum will approximately follow classical trajectories, which may be understood as an instance of the correspondence principle. Similarly, we can obtain the instantaneous change in the position expectation value.

  9. Quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics

    The Schrödinger equation relates the collection of probability amplitudes that pertain to one moment of time to the collection of probability amplitudes that pertain to another. [7]: 67–87 One consequence of the mathematical rules of quantum mechanics is a tradeoff in predictability between measurable quantities.

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