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An atheroma, or atheromatous plaque, is an abnormal accumulation of material in the inner layer of an arterial wall. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The material consists of mostly macrophage cells , [ 3 ] [ 4 ] or debris, containing lipids , calcium and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue .
Atherosclerosis happens when a fatty substance called plaque builds up inside your arteries. There are typically few noticeable symptoms until the situation becomes dire and you experience ...
It is characterized by a remodeling of arteries leading to subendothelial accumulation of fatty substances called plaques. The buildup of an atheromatous plaque is a slow process, developed over several years through a complex series of cellular events occurring within the arterial wall and in response to several local vascular circulating factors.
In CAD, atheromatous plaque formation in a coronary artery limits oxygen supply to cardiomyocytes, impairing heart contractility. CAD severity varies based on the extent of coronary artery occlusion. At 75% luminal narrowing, patients experience symptoms associated with limited perfusion of cardiomyocytes, [ 11 ] especially under strenuous ...
This includes a coronary artery calcium score (a low-dose CAT scan of the heart that looks for calcium deposits in the arteries, which is a sign of plaque buildup), a coronary CTA (an imaging test ...
Each year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 735,000 people have a heart attack and 610,000 people die of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Arteriosclerosis is any hardening (and loss of elasticity) of medium or large arteries (from the Greek arteria, meaning artery, and sclerosis, meaning hardening) Atherosclerosis is a hardening of an artery specifically due to an atheromatous plaque. The term atherogenic is used for substances or processes that cause atherosclerosis.
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5] [6] [14] It is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. [15]