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The cyst wall of some ciliated protists is composed of four layers, ectocyst, mesocyst, endocyst, and the granular layer. The ectocyst is the outer layer and contains a plug-like structure through which the vegetative cell reemerges during excystation. Interior to the ectocyst, the thick mesocyst is compact yet stratified in density.
A trophozoite (G. trope, nourishment + zoon, animal) is the activated, feeding stage in the life cycle of certain protozoa such as malaria-causing Plasmodium falciparum and those of the Giardia group. [1]
Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline , the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life.
Examples can be found in bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and animals. Parasites may also alter the host behavior to increase protection of the parasites or their offspring; the term bodyguard manipulation is used for such mechanisms. [5] Among the behavioral changes caused by parasites is carelessness, making their hosts easier prey.
A sporozoite (ancient Greek sporos, seed + zōon, animal) is the cell form that infects new hosts.In Plasmodium, for instance, the sporozoites are cells that develop in the mosquito's salivary glands, leave the mosquito during a blood meal, and enter liver cells (hepatocytes), where they multiply.
Affective science; Behavioral genetics; Behavioral neuroscience; ... A list of 'effects' that have been noticed in the field of psychology. [clarification needed ...
Balantidium is the only ciliated protozoan known to infect humans. Balantidiasis is a zoonotic disease and is acquired by humans via the feco-oral route from the normal host, the domestic pig, where it is asymptomatic.
For example, zoology is the study of animals, while botany is the study of plants. Other life sciences focus on aspects common to all or many life forms, such as anatomy and genetics . Some focus on the micro-scale (e.g. molecular biology , biochemistry ) other on larger scales (e.g. cytology , immunology , ethology , pharmacy, ecology).