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The zygomatic process of the maxilla [2] is a rough triangular eminence, situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces. In front it forms part of the anterior surface.
The orbital process is a thick, strong plate, projecting backward and medialward from the orbital margin. Its antero-medial surface forms, by its junction with the orbital surface of the maxilla and with the great wing of the sphenoid , part of the floor and lateral wall of the orbit.
The zygomatico-orbital foramina are two canals in the skull, that allow nerves to pass through. The orifices are seen on the orbital process of the zygomatic bone. One of these canals opens into the temporal fossa, the other on the malar surface of the bone. The former transmits the zygomaticotemporal, the latter the zygomaticofacial nerve.
The body of the maxilla: pyramid-shaped; has an orbital, a nasal, an infratemporal, and a facial surface; contains the maxillary sinus. Four processes: the zygomatic process; the frontal process; the alveolar process; the palatine process; It has three surfaces: [5] the anterior, posterior, medial; Features of the maxilla include: [5]
The zygomaticofacial foramen is a small [citation needed] opening upon the lateral (facial) surface of the zygomatic bone near the bone's orbital border. It gives passage to the zygomaticofacial nerve, artery, and vein.
It has three recesses: an alveolar recess pointed inferiorly, bounded by the alveolar process of the maxilla; a zygomatic recess pointed laterally, bounded by the zygomatic bone; and an infraorbital recess pointed superiorly, bounded by the inferior orbital surface of the maxilla. The medial wall is composed primarily of cartilage. [1] [3]
The bones of the facial skeleton (14) are the vomer, two inferior nasal conchae, two nasal bones, two maxilla, the mandible, two palatine bones, two zygomatic bones, and two lacrimal bones.
The zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, also known as a quadripod fracture, quadramalar fracture, and formerly referred to as a tripod fracture or trimalar fracture, has four components, three of which are directly related to connections between the zygoma and the face, and the fourth being the orbital floor.