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The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...
1955: Employment [State Code] Separate washrooms in mines required. 1955: Health Care [State Code] Separate buildings for black and white patients in hospitals for the insane. 1955: Miscegenation [State Code] Prohibited marriage or living together as man and wife between racially mixed persons. Penalty: One to five years imprisonment in county ...
Laws criminalizing marriage and sex between white and black people were enacted in colonial era Maryland, and not repealed until just before the Supreme Court ruled on Loving v. Virginia in 1967, further reinforcing segregation in the state. The 13th Amendment ended slavery and the 14th Amendment extended full rights of citizenship to African ...
The Royal Theatre, located at 1329 Pennsylvania Avenue in Baltimore, Maryland, first opened in 1922 as the black-owned Douglass Theatre. It was the most famous theater along West Baltimore City's Pennsylvania Avenue, one of a circuit of five such theaters for black entertainment in big cities.
By 1860 Maryland's free black population comprised 49.1% of the total number of African Americans in the state. [3] The small state of Maryland was home to nearly 84,000 free blacks in 1860, by far the most of any state; the state had ranked as having the highest number of free blacks since 1810.
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1863 painting of a man reading the Emancipation Proclamation.. Educators and slaves in the South found ways to both circumvent and challenge the law. John Berry Meachum, for example, moved his school out of St. Louis, Missouri when that state passed an anti-literacy law in 1847, and re-established it as the Floating Freedom School on a steamship on the Mississippi River, which was beyond the ...
Enjoy a classic game of Hearts and watch out for the Queen of Spades!