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Amphibolite from Cape Cod, Massachusetts Garnet bearing amphibolite from Val di Fleres, Italy. Amphibolite (/ æ m ˈ f ɪ b ə l aɪ t /) is a metamorphic rock that contains amphibole, especially hornblende and actinolite, as well as plagioclase feldspar, but with little or no quartz.
The amphibolite facies is a facies of medium pressure and average to high temperature. It is named after amphiboles that form under such circumstances. It has the following mineral assemblages: In metabasites: hornblende + plagioclase ± epidote, garnet, cummingtonite, diopside, biotite; In metapelites:
The facies are named after the metamorphic rock formed under those facies conditions from basalt. [79] The particular mineral assemblage is somewhat dependent on the composition of that protolith, so that (for example) the amphibolite facies of a marble will not be identical with the amphibolite facies of a pellite.
Gore Mountain Garnet, found in the Adirondack Mountains in New York, contains the world's largest garnets. [1] [2] The rock that holds these garnets, garnet amphibolite, is sometimes referred to as 'black ore' or 'dark ore.' [1] [3] This rock formation formed during metamorphism during the Ottawan phase of the Grenvillian orogeny, and extremely high temperatures combined with introduction of ...
A pelite (from Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós) 'clay, earth') [3] or metapelite is a metamorphosed fine-grained sedimentary rock, i.e. mudstone or siltstone. The term was earlier used by geologists to describe a clay-rich, fine-grained clastic sediment or sedimentary rock, i.e. mud or a mudstone, the metamorphosed version of which would ...
Foliation may be formed by realignment of micas and clays via physical rotation of the minerals within the rock. Often this foliation is associated with diagenetic metamorphism and low-grade burial metamorphism. Foliation may parallel original sedimentary bedding, but more often is oriented at some angle to it.
Amphibole ()Amphibole (/ ˈ æ m f ə b oʊ l / AM-fə-bohl) is a group of inosilicate minerals, forming prism or needlelike crystals, [1] composed of double chain SiO 4 tetrahedra, linked at the vertices and generally containing ions of iron and/or magnesium in their structures.
Hornblende has a hardness of 5–6, a specific gravity of 3.0 to 3.6, and is typically an opaque green, dark green, brown, or black color. It tends to form slender prismatic to bladed crystals, diamond-shaped in cross section, or is present as irregular grains or fibrous masses. [7] Its planes of cleavage intersect at 56° and 124° angles.