Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Structure of ATP Structure of ADP Four possible resonance structures for inorganic phosphate. ATP hydrolysis is the catabolic reaction process by which chemical energy that has been stored in the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released after splitting these bonds, for example in muscles, by producing work in the form of mechanical energy.
The hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate ATP 4-(aq) + H 2 O (l) = ADP 3-(aq) + HPO 2-(aq) + H + (aq) releases 20.5 kilojoules per mole (4.9 kcal/mol) of enthalpy. This may differ under physiological conditions if the reactant and products are not exactly in these ionization states. [15]
[14] [51] In these processes, ATP hydrolysis by VCP is required to extract aberrant proteins from the membranes of the ER or mitochondria. VCP is also required to release defective translation products stalled on ribosome in a process termed ribosome-associated degradation.
Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine monophosphate. ATPases (EC 3.6.1.3, Adenosine 5'-TriPhosphatase, adenylpyrophosphatase, ATP monophosphatase, triphosphatase, SV40 T-antigen, ATP hydrolase, complex V (mitochondrial electron transport), (Ca 2+ + Mg 2+)-ATPase, HCO 3 −-ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of ATP into ADP ...
These are termed E 1 ~P, E 2 P, E 2-P*, and E 1 /E 2. [7] ATP hydrolysis occurs in the cytoplasmic headpiece at the interface between domain N and P. Two Mg-ion sites form part of the active site. ATP hydrolysis is tightly coupled to translocation of the transported ligand(s) through the membrane, more than 40 Å away, by the A domain.
The F-, V- and A-ATPases all contain rotary motors, one that drives proton translocation across the membrane and one that drives ATP synthesis/hydrolysis. [1] [2] ATPases (or ATP synthases) are membrane-bound enzyme complexes/ion transporters that combine ATP synthesis and/or hydrolysis with the transport of protons across a membrane. ATPases ...
ATP hydrolysis may widen the periplasmic opening and push the substrate towards the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer. Hydrolysis of the second ATP molecule and release of P i separates the NBDs followed by restoration of the resting state, opening the chamber towards the cytoplasm for another cycle. [41] [44] [52] [55] [81] [85]
The ATP molecule contains pyrophosphate linkages (bonds formed when two phosphate units are combined) that release energy when needed. ATP can undergo hydrolysis in two ways: Firstly, the removal of terminal phosphate to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate, with the reaction: ATP + H 2 O → ADP + P i