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  2. Emission spectrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_spectrum

    An emission spectrum is formed when an excited gas is viewed directly through a spectroscope. Schematic diagram of spontaneous emission. Emission spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique which examines the wavelengths of photons emitted by atoms or molecules during their transition from an excited state to a lower energy state.

  3. Atomic emission spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_emission_spectroscopy

    Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is a method of chemical analysis that uses the intensity of light emitted from a flame, plasma, arc, or spark at a particular wavelength to determine the quantity of an element in a sample.

  4. Einstein coefficients - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_coefficients

    Emission lines and absorption lines compared to a continuous spectrum. In atomic, molecular, and optical physics, the Einstein coefficients are quantities describing the probability of absorption or emission of a photon by an atom or molecule. [1]

  5. Atomic spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_spectroscopy

    With the exception of flames and graphite furnaces, which are most commonly used for atomic absorption spectroscopy, most sources are used for atomic emission spectroscopy. Liquid-sampling sources include flames and sparks (atom source), inductively-coupled plasma (atom and ion source), graphite furnace (atom source), microwave plasma (atom and ...

  6. Spectral line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_line

    A spectral line may be observed either as an emission line or an absorption line. Which type of line is observed depends on the type of material and its temperature relative to another emission source. An absorption line is produced when photons from a hot, broad spectrum source pass through a cooler material.

  7. Absorption spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_spectroscopy

    The emission spectrum of iron. Emission is a process by which a substance releases energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Emission can occur at any frequency at which absorption can occur, and this allows the absorption lines to be determined from an emission spectrum.

  8. Atomic absorption spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_absorption_spectroscopy

    Total absorption is measured with normal lamp current, i.e., with a narrow emission line, and background absorption after application of a high-current pulse with the profile of the self-reversed line, which has little emission at the original wavelength, but strong emission on both sides of the analytical line.

  9. Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_(electromagnetic...

    An overview of absorption of electromagnetic radiation.This example shows the general principle using visible light as a specific example. A white light source—emitting light of multiple wavelengths—is focused on a sample (the pairs of complementary colors are indicated by the yellow dotted lines).