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The International Seabed Authority (ISA) (French: Autorité internationale des fonds marins) is a Kingston, Jamaica-based intergovernmental body of 167 member states and the European Union. It was established under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and its 1994 Agreement on Implementation.
The International Seabed Authority (ISA) plays a central role in developing the legal framework for EIAs in deep-sea mining, viewing EIA as essential for minimizing environmental impacts. [12] The ISA aims to fulfill obligations such as implementing a precautionary approach and ensuring effective protection of the marine environment, as ...
The International Seabed Authority (ISA) estimates that the total amount of nodules in the Clarion–Clipperton zone exceeds 21 billion tons (Bt), containing about 5.95 Bt of manganese, 0.27 Bt of nickel, 0.23 Bt of copper and 0.05 Bt of cobalt. [13] The ISA has issued 19 licences for mining exploration within this area. [14]
In 2016 Lodge succeeded Nii Allotey Odunton as Secretary-General of the International Seabed Authority, having served as Deputy to the Secretary-General and Legal Counsel since 2011. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] He was re-elected for a second four-year term in 2020, but was unsuccessful in his bid to secure a third term, losing to the Brazilian oceanographer ...
The International Seabed Authority (ISA) was established under Article 156 of UNCLOS 1982 as an autonomous intergovernmental organization. Following the adoption of the implementing Agreement on July 28, 1994, and its entry into force on November 16, 1994, the ISA held its inaugural meeting in Jamaica.
The U.S. also argued that the International Seabed Authority established by the Convention might become a bloated and expensive bureaucracy, due to a combination of large revenues and insufficient control over what the revenues could be used for. The United States accepted all but Part XI as customary international law.
In 2011 in Kingston, Jamaica, he was elected as President of the Assembly of the 17th session of the International Seabed Authority (ISA), [20] and in 2015 was elected as President of the ISA's Council. In 2011–12, he served as a Vice-President of the 66th session of the UN General Assembly in New York.
Since the establishment of the Authority in 1996 he has concurrently held several positions there at the policy-making level, as Deputy to the Secretary-General, head of the ISA Office of Resources and Environmental Monitoring, Interim Director-General of the Enterprise (the Authority’s seabed mining arm, not yet operational) and Secretary of ...