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More than 70% of cyanide consumption globally is used for this purpose. The application exploits the high affinity of gold(I) for cyanide, which induces gold metal to oxidize and dissolve in the presence of air (oxygen) and water, producing the salt sodium dicyanoaurate (or sodium gold cyanide) (NaAu(CN) 2): [4]
Among the most toxic cyanides are hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN), potassium cyanide (KCN), and calcium cyanide (Ca(CN) 2). The cyanide anion is an inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (also known as aa 3), the fourth complex of the electron transport chain found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic ...
It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the baby. [5] Its use at the same time in the same intravenous line as hydroxocobalamin is not recommended. [6] In cyanide poisoning, sodium nitrite creates methemoglobinemia, which removes cyanide from the mitochondria. [6] Sodium thiosulfate then binds with cyanide, creating the nontoxic ...
A blood diagnostic reported a lethal level of cyanide in his blood, but the body did not display any classic symptoms of cyanide poisoning, and no link to cyanide could be found in Urooj's social circle. The diagnostic method used was the Conway diffusion method, prone to false positives with artifacts of heart attack and kidney failure.
Its use in pregnant women is advised against, although the available evidence suggests it may be safe, provided maternal pH and cyanide levels are closely monitored. [ 15 ] [ 27 ] Some evidence suggests sodium nitroprusside use in critically ill children may be safe, even without monitoring of cyanide level.
Cyanogen is typically generated from cyanide compounds. One laboratory method entails thermal decomposition of mercuric cyanide: . 2 Hg(CN) 2 → (CN) 2 + Hg 2 (CN) 2 Or, one can combine solutions of copper(II) salts (such as copper(II) sulfate) with cyanides; an unstable copper(II) cyanide is formed which rapidly decomposes into copper(I) cyanide and cyanogen.
The main use of sodium cyanate is for steel hardening. [2] Sodium cyanate is used to produce cyanic acid, often in situ: NaOCN + HCl → HOCN + NaCl. This approach is exploited for condensation with amines to give unsymmetrical ureas: HOCN + RNH 2 → RNHC(O)NH 2. Such urea derivatives have a range of biological activity. [4]
Sodium ferrocyanide is a common anti-caking agent. Specialized applications involves their use as precipitating agents for production of citric acid and wine. Specialized applications involves their use as precipitating agents for production of citric acid and wine.