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Biological anthropology, also known as physical anthropology, is a social science discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings, their extinct hominin ancestors, and related non-human primates, particularly from an evolutionary perspective. [1]
Sherwood Larned Washburn (() November 26, 1911 – () April 16, 2000), nicknamed "Sherry", was an American physical anthropologist, and "a legend in the field." [1] He was pioneer in the field of primatology, opening it to the study of primates in their natural habitats.
Olive baboon. Primatology is the scientific study of non-human primates. [1] It is a diverse discipline at the boundary between mammalogy and anthropology, and researchers can be found in academic departments of anatomy, anthropology, biology, medicine, psychology, veterinary sciences and zoology, as well as in animal sanctuaries, biomedical research facilities, museums and zoos. [2]
Homo (from Latin homō 'human') is a genus of great ape (family Hominidae) that emerged from the genus Australopithecus and encompasses only a single extant species, Homo sapiens (modern humans), along with a number of extinct species (collectively called archaic humans) classified as either ancestral or closely related to modern humans; these include Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
Primate Taxonomy listed about 350 species of primates in 2001; [19] the author, Colin Groves, increased that number to 376 for his contribution to the third edition of Mammal Species of the World (MSW3). [1] However, publications since the taxonomy in MSW3 was compiled in 2003 have pushed the number to 522 species, or 708 including subspecies. [59]
The Hominidae (/ h ɒ ˈ m ɪ n ɪ d iː /), whose members are known as the great apes [note 1] or hominids (/ ˈ h ɒ m ɪ n ɪ d z /), are a taxonomic family of primates that includes eight extant species in four genera: Pongo (the Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli orangutan); Gorilla (the eastern and western gorilla); Pan (the chimpanzee and the bonobo); and Homo, of which only modern humans ...
Anne C. Zeller is a physical anthropologist who specializes in the study of primates. She received her M.A. (1971) [1] and Ph.D (1978) from the University of Toronto. [2]During her graduate studies she worked on chromosome analysis, comparing chimpanzee and human chromosomes.
Extant primates exhibit a broad range of variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD), or sexual divergence in body size. [4] It ranges from species such as gibbons and strepsirrhines (including Madagascar's lemurs) in which males and females have almost the same body sizes to species such as chimpanzees and bonobos in which males' body sizes are larger than females' body sizes.