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In English poetry substitution, also known as inversion, is the use of an alien metric foot in a line of otherwise regular metrical pattern. [1] For instance in an iambic line of "da DUM", a trochaic substitution would introduce a foot of "DUM da".
Trochaic tetrameter in Macbeth. In poetic metre, a trochee (/ ˈ t r oʊ k iː /) is a metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed one, in qualitative meter, as found in English, and in modern linguistics; or in quantitative meter, as found in Latin and Ancient Greek, a heavy syllable followed by a light one (also described as a long syllable followed by a short ...
In an trochaic-or-iambic pair, each word can be either a trochee (stressed on the first syllable) or an iamb (stressed on the second syllable). contract, entr'acte; discount, miscount; hereby, nearby; sunlit, unlit; thereby, whereby; therein, wherein; thereof, whereof; therewith, wherewith
Resolution is quite frequent in the iambic and trochaic metres commonly used in Roman comedy and can be found both in strong (long) elements and in weak (anceps) elements. In comedy there is no restriction on the number of resolutions that can occur in a line; there can even be two in the same foot, e.g. ego fateor or quia tibi and so on. [3]
The foot is the basic repeating rhythmic unit that forms part of a line of verse in most Indo-European traditions of poetry, including English accentual-syllabic verse and the quantitative meter of classical ancient Greek and Latin poetry.
The most frequently encountered metre of English verse is the iambic pentameter, in which the metrical norm is five iambic feet per line, though metrical substitution is common and rhythmic variations are practically inexhaustible. John Milton's Paradise Lost, most sonnets, and much else besides in English are written in iambic pentameter.
In certain circumstances, however, unequal substitutions are also permitted. It is often more convenient to consider iambics, trochaics and anapaests in terms of metra rather than feet; for each of these families, a metron is two feet. Thus the iambic metron is u – u –, the trochaic – u – u and the anapestic u u – u u –.
8.7.8.7.D—equivalent to two verses of 8.7.8.7., either trochaic or iambic. English minister and hymn writer Isaac Watts , who wrote hundreds of hymns and was instrumental in the widespread use of hymns in public worship in England, is credited with popularizing and formalizing these metres, which were based on English folk poems, particularly ...