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A kink in an otherwise linear demand curve. Note how marginal costs can fluctuate between MC1 and MC3 without the equilibrium quantity or price changing. The Kinked-Demand curve theory is an economic theory regarding oligopoly and monopolistic competition. Kinked demand was an initial attempt to explain sticky prices.
In order to distinguish themselves well, these firms can compete in price, but more often, oligopolistic firms engage in non-price competition because of their kinked demand curve. In the kinked demand curve model, the firm will maximize its profits at Q,P where the marginal revenue (MR) is equal to the marginal cost (MC) of the firm.
The graph below depicts the kinked demand curve hypothesis which was proposed by Paul Sweezy who was an American economist. [29] It is important to note that this graph is a simplistic example of a kinked demand curve. Kinked Demand Curve. Oligopolistic firms are believed to operate within the confines of the kinked demand function.
At any given price, the corresponding value on the demand schedule is the sum of all consumers’ quantities demanded at that price. Generally, there is an inverse relationship between the price and the quantity demanded. [1] [2] The graphical representation of a demand schedule is called a demand curve. An example of a market demand schedule
The demand curve the oligopolist faces is that of two separate curves spliced together, creating a discontinuity in the MR curve. This means that a profit maximising firm will still produce at quantity Q and price P if marginal costs are equal to MC1, MC2 or MC3, thus explaining price stability.
Price points A, B, and C, along a demand curve (where P is price and Q represents demand) In economics, a price point is a point along the demand curve at which demand for a given product is supposed to stay relatively high. The term "price point" is often used incorrectly to refer to a price. [1]
The cobweb model or cobweb theory is an economic model that explains why prices may be subjected to periodic fluctuations in certain types of markets.It describes cyclical supply and demand in a market where the amount produced must be chosen before prices are observed.
Cournot's curve of 'demand or sales' Cournot was wary of psychological notions of demand, defining it simply as the amount sold of a particular good (helped along by the fact that the French word débit, meaning 'sales quantity', has the same initial letter as demande, meaning 'demand' [7]). He formalised it mathematically as follows: