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Virtual eXtensible LAN (VXLAN) is a network virtualization technology that uses a VLAN-like encapsulation technique to encapsulate OSI layer 2 Ethernet frames within layer 4 UDP datagrams, using 4789 as the default IANA-assigned destination UDP port number, [1] although many implementations that predate the IANA assignment use port 8472.
Ethernet VPN (EVPN) is a technology for carrying layer 2 Ethernet traffic as a virtual private network using wide area network protocols. EVPN technologies include Ethernet over MPLS and Ethernet over VXLAN. [1] [2] EVPN uses encapsulation methods to ensure efficient and scalable transmission of Ethernet traffic over MPLS or IP-based networks.
Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN), a similar competing specification; Generic Networking Virtualization Encapsulation (GENEVE), an industry effort to unify both VXLAN and NVGRE technologies; Generic Routing Encapsulation, GRE for transporting L3 packets.
Spanning tree also allows a network design to include backup links providing fault tolerance if an active link fails. As the name suggests, STP creates a spanning tree that characterizes the relationship of nodes within a network of connected layer-2 bridges , and disables those links that are not part of the spanning tree, leaving a single ...
MC-LAG, VXLAN, and QFabric have all been proposed, but the IETF TRILL standard (Transparent Interconnect of Lots of Links) is considered the major competitor of IEEE 802.1aq, and: "the evaluation of relative merits and difference of the two standards proposals is currently a hotly debated topic in the networking industry."
Cisco FabricPath is a proprietary implementation of TRILL that utilizes the TRILL control plane (including IS-IS for Layer 2), but a non-interoperable data plane. [15] Brocade Virtual Cluster Switching , uses the TRILL data plane but a proprietary control plane and so is not interoperable with standards conformant TRILL.
MPLS VPN is a family of methods for using Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) to create virtual private networks (VPNs). MPLS VPN is a flexible method to transport and route several types of network traffic using an MPLS backbone.
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) is a way to provide Ethernet-based multipoint to multipoint communication over IP or MPLS networks. It allows geographically dispersed sites to share an Ethernet broadcast domain by connecting sites through pseudowires.