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The MSF was first proposed by John W. Kingdon to describe the agenda setting stage of the policy making process. [1] In developing his framework Kingdon took inspiration from the garbage can model of organizational choice, [2] which views organizations as anarchical processes resulting from the interaction of four streams: 1) choices, 2) problems, 3) solutions, and 4) energy from participants.
Therefore, the "policy process is a complex political process in which there are many actors: elected politicians, political party leaders, pressure groups, civil servants, publicly employed professionals, judges, non-governmental organizations, international agencies, academic experts, journalists and even sometimes citizens who see themselves ...
Policy studies is a subdiscipline of political science that includes the analysis of the process of policymaking (the policy process) and the contents of policy (policy analysis). [1] Policy analysis includes substantive area research (such as health or education policy), program evaluation and impact studies, and policy design. [ 2 ]
An eight step policy cycle is developed in detail in The Australian Policy Handbook by Peter Bridgman and Glyn Davis: (now with Catherine Althaus in its 4th and 5th editions) Issue identification; Policy analysis; Consultation (which permeates the entire process) Policy instrument development; Building coordination and coalitions
One definition states that: [3] Policy Analysis is the process of identifying potential policy options that could address your problem and then comparing those options to choose the most effective, efficient, and feasible one. The areas of interest and the purpose of analysis determine what types of analysis are conducted.
Policy Design for Democracy was the codified realization of their fifteen years of research and work and was "one of the first books to examine systematically the substantive aspects of public policy." [3] The book was published in 1997 by the University Press of Kansas. [3] [4]
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Mathew McCubbins, Roger Noll, and Barry Weingast first defined the theory of bureaucratic drift in 1987. [1] They argued that drift is essentially a principal-agent problem that explores "how—or indeed, whether—elected political officials can reasonably effectively assure that their policy intentions will be carried out."