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Men with BRCA2 mutations have a 7% to 8% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, much higher than the general male population. Therefore, men with a family history of breast cancer, especially ...
Men with breast cancer have an absolute risk of presenting with a second cancer in their other breast of 1.75, i.e. they have a 75% increase of developing a contralateral breast cancer over their lifetimes compared to men who develop a breast cancer without having had a prior breast cancer. [5]
About 10% of those who are called back will be referred for a biopsy. Of the 10% referred for biopsy, about 3.5% will have cancer and 6.5% will not. Of the 3.5% who have cancer, about 2 will have an early stage cancer that will be cured after treatment. Mammography may also produce false negatives.
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
Mammograms, a type of X-ray, have a harder time detecting cancer in dense breasts. In a mammogram, fatty tissue shows up as black on the image, while fibroglandular tissue lights up as white.
Fear of the screening itself, or what a patient might learn from the screening, is one reason some people choose not to get mammograms. But, studies have shown other factors can impede life-saving ...
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