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The pier of a bridge is an intermediate support that holds the deck of the structure. It is a massive and permanent support, as opposed to the shoring , which is lighter and provides temporary support.
A pedestrian footbridge (No 1) is located on the northern boundary of Lissner Park. The footbridge is a simple beam bridge with a pair of steel girders supporting a timber deck spanning the 10.2-metre (33 ft) wide gap between the two concrete piers on either side of stone pitched drain, with a north–south orientation.
Pre-tensioned concrete is a variant of prestressed concrete where the tendons are tensioned prior to the concrete being cast. [1]: 25 The concrete bonds to the tendons as it cures, following which the end-anchoring of the tendons is released, and the tendon tension forces are transferred to the concrete as compression by static friction.
Components can be categorized into prefabricated bridge elements (e.g. beams, bridge decks, footings, columns, pier caps, abutments etc.) or prefabricated bridge systems (e.g. bridge modules with superstructures and/or substructures).
The concrete elements may be reinforced or prestressed. Such modern bridges include girder , plate girder , and box girder bridges, all types of beam bridges. Types of construction could include having many beams side by side with a deck across the top of them, to a main beam either side supporting a deck between them.
The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete. The box is typically rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section. Box girder bridges are commonly used for highway flyovers and for modern elevated structures of light rail transport.